What is the main function of tRNA (transfer RNA) in protein synthesis?

The main function of tRNA, or transfer RNA, in protein synthesis is to transfer amino acids to the ribosome. This process is crucial for assembling proteins according to the genetic code. During translation, tRNA molecules recognize specific sequences of nucleotides on the mRNA (messenger RNA) strand through their anticodons. Each tRNA molecule is attached to a specific amino acid, which corresponds to the codon on the mRNA. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA strand, tRNA molecules bring the appropriate amino acids, allowing the ribosome to string them together in the correct order to form a protein. This function is essential for translating the genetic code into functional proteins, which are vital for numerous cellular processes.