What does pleiotropy refer to in genetics?

Pleiotropy refers to a single gene having multiple effects on an individual's phenotype. This means that one gene can influence various traits rather than being limited to a specific characteristic. For example, a gene responsible for a particular enzyme can affect not only the metabolic pathways associated with that enzyme but also contribute to traits such as growth, coloration, and overall health of the organism. This concept highlights the interconnectedness of genetic traits and how a single genetic change can produce a broad range of effects in an organism. Understanding pleiotropy is important for appreciating the complexity of genetics and phenotypic diversity.